Tube-expander



(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. E. EMERY.

TUBE EXPANDER.

Patented Jan. 4, 1887.

n PLIERS, Pnmumn n m. Washington. n. c.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2;

0:. E. EMERY.

TUBE EXPANDER.

No. 355,644. Patented Jan. 4, 1887.

N. PETERS Pholo-Litha raphar, Wzahingtan, u. c.

5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

0 E. EMERY.

TUB-E EXPANDER.

Patented Jan. 4-, 1887.

n. warns. MW w m m 0.0;.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 O. E. EMERY I TUBE BXPANDER.

No. 355,644. Patented Jan. 4,1887.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES'E. EMERY, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

TUBE-EXEPANDEIR.

SPECIFICATION forming part ofLetters Patent No. 355,644, dated January4, 1887.

To all whom it mayeo'ncern:

Be it known that I,CHARLES E. EMERY, of

.the city of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and

State of New York, (office New York city,) have invented cert ain newand useful Improvements in Tube-Expanders; and I do hereby declare thatthe following is-a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

The invention relates to an apparatus for expanding the ends of metaltubes so as to make fluid-tight joints in flanges, couplings,

or fittings of various kinds used to connect successive lengths oftubing together.

When the apparatus is used to secure a flange on the end of atube, suchflange may be bolted to a flange on the adjacent end of the next tube,

in the usual way. lVhen pipe-couplings adapt- 1 introducing into thepiece of pipe last applied the apparatus to which this invention refers,and expanding the joint in a coupling by an operation conducted throughthe length of tube last applied. 1 The apparatus herein referred to isintended to be used principally in connection with my improved joints,which are adapted for this particular 'method of working such appa--tus, making it possible to obtain fluid-tight joints without the use ofscrew-thread sockets, cone-rings, or other devices necessarily employedin securing the lengths of thin pipe by i I ordinary methods.

My invention relates, first, to an improvement in what is known as theDudgeon Tube Expander, with which it is' possible to roll grooves in thetubes for the purpose of securing the same to couplings, flanges, 850.;second, to apparatus for use in combination with a tube-expander whichenables the expander to be operated efficiently at a considerabledistance within a tube from the open end thereof.

The'several features of the invention will be fully set forth furtheron.

The accompanying. drawings form a partof can be realized by such use.

section of the device shown in Fig. 6 with the ,nect.

is connected to a line which may extend for Application filed Aprillfi,18r3. Renewed December 3, 1885. Again'ronewed September 23, 1886. SerialNo. $4.394. (N0 model.)

this specification, and represent what I consider the best means ofcarrying out the invention.

Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section showing a tube in the act ofbeing expanded into a stout ring into which the adjacent end 0f the nextlength of tube has been previously expanded. Fig. -1 shows a smallportion thereof on a larger scale. Fig. 2 is a section on the line yFig. 1. yoke which applies as a gage against the stout coupling-ringresting on a section of the tube which is being fastened. Fig. 4 is alongitudinal section through the expander and immediately adjacent partson-a larger scale. Fig.4 is a corresponding section showing thecompleted joint after the expander is removed, with the ring in amodified form. Fig. 5 is a cross- Fig. 3 represents the section on theline as x in Fig. 4. The remain ing ten figures represent modifications.Fig. 6 is a section corresponding touFig. 4, there beingno inner seriesofrollers, and with the mandrel tapered in the opposite direction. Inoperating this form of expander mechanism the mandrel D- and theexpansiontube D are moved by the screw G in the opposite direction tothat in which they are moved in Figs.

-1 and 3. This figure shows the ordinary Dudgeon rollers. Such can beused with the form shown in Figs. 1 and 4, if preferred, and someportions of the advantages of my invention Fig. 7 is a crossring 0omitted. The remaining eight figures will be described further on.

' Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

Referring to Figs. 1, 1, 2,-and 3, A and B are two lengths of large thiniron tubing which it isdesired to strongly, rigidly, and tightly con- Itwill be understood that the tube A an indefinite distance, all connectedtogether by means of my invention.

Ois a stout union-ring, of cast iron or other suitable material, certainportions being denoted by additional marksfwhen necessary, as O 0 O arecircular ribs formed on the outside in the planes where the expanding iseffected.

C is an internal rib extending around at the mid-length of the tube.

O O are internal ribs, formed and arranged as shown, to take a stronghold on the tube when a tube is expanded strongly into the channel 0between them.

Each ring 0 has two of the channels 0, each with the internal ribs, G 0,adjacent. The expansion is effected by hard steel rollers, caused totraverse around in the interior of the tube and to swell that portion ofthe metal outward on the principle employed in the wellknown Dudgeonexpander. Certain peculiarities of the expander itself will be describedfurther on.

D is a tapering mandrel fixed on a tube, D, and in line therewith. Thetube D is of a length somewhat greater than that of the tube, B, whichis to be secured. The mandrel D, with its attached tube D, is insertedthrough the entire length of the tube B. The mandrel is turned byoperating on the projecting end of the tube D. The open end ofthe tube Dis engaged by a ratcBet-lever, E, with the accompanying ratchetmechanism of the ordinary cha'racter, including a pawl, E, which engageswith a toothed wheel, D", fixed on the tube D. The attendant grasps theratchetlever E and vibrates it, with the effect of re volving the tube Dand consequently the mandrel D, turning the screw G freely iuitsbearings in the cross-piece H.

The operation of the Dudgeon expander requires that the mandrel D shallbe turned strongly around either continuously or intermittent-1y, andalso that it shall be moved gradually eudwise, so as to present athicker and thickerportion of the mandrel to force the rollers outward.I effect and control the end movement by a screw, G, and hand-Wheel G;The screw is marked G,and is tapped through a screw-plug, D stronglysecured to the end of the tube D by being tapped into the hub of thewheel D which, as set forth hereinbefore, is fixed upon the tube end. Ahandwheel, G, is fixed on the end of the screw G\ The latter issupported in a bearing, G, be;

tween collars on the shank of the screw, as represented. The bearing Gis supported in a cross-piece, H, which is connected by tierods H H witha cross-frame, H which lat: ter applies closely around the tube D and ismaintained in position thereby. From the outer ends of the cross-frame Hare extended rigid tubes H which connect to a yoke, H, formed as shown,which abuts against the adjacent end of the ring 0 and gages theposition in which the several parts of the expander shall be held.

I is a tube mounted concentrically around the mandrel D and tube D. Itis supported and fastened at one end in the cross-framing II. On itsother end is fixed a ring, I, of

slightly larger diameter, in which are tapped screw-pins t, the pointsof which engage with a ring, J, which is made in two or more pieces, andfitted with proper lubrication in a.

groove in the boss or neck K of the housing they must move togetherlongitudinally, but' are free to rotate independently.

I believe it practicable to employ the ordinary Dudgeon expander, withrollers of proper size and form to accomplish the desired end, therollers being of such size and so mounted, as usual, that the mandrel Dwill act directly against each other, forcing it outward to per form itsportion of the required expanding of the tube. While the narrow surfaceon each roller which I propose to present against the interior of thetube is ample for the distention of the tube, it is liable to cut andabrade the mandrel D by reason of concentrating the pressure on a narrowportion of the surface. I avoid this by using a double set of rollers.The outermost rollers are marked M. They are six in number, and are eachformed with a bead or narrow swelled surface on its exterior and atabout the mid-length. Each bears on two of the inner rollers, N, eachformed with a large bearlng-surface properly conditioned to rest fairlyagainst the tapering mandrel, and with a groove, n, equal 'to or alittle greater than the bead m in each roller M. Each of the rollers Mand N is formed with a trunnion at each end. On each trunnion are fittedtwo links, P P. These links unite the several rollers and compel them toserve as a united system, but: without-interfering with the expansion ofthe work by changes of position of the rollers as the mandrel is drivenin.

The two parts of the housing K are connected by thimbles K and bolts K,as is plainly shown in Figs. 1, 4, and 5.

-tube, are now applied, and all the parts being in the position shown inFig. 1, the handwheel G is turnedto drive the mandrel D endwisesufficiently to bring the rollers M N to their bearings against eachother and against the interior of the tube B. Now, the lever E isreciprocated actively and the handwheel G turned gradually, with theeffect to turn the mandrel D intermittently around,-

and also to move it gradually eudwise, forcing the innermost rollers, N,outward, and conse-

